SYSTEM CATALOG · 系统目录

pg_index

The catalog pg_index contains part of the information about indexes. The rest is mostly in pg_class.

首次收录 PG 9.0最近收录 PG 19当前字段 21

9.0 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4 9.5 9.6 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19^β3

已与 PostgreSQL 18.6 实例逐字段核对 · 原始实测记录 ↗

字段结构 PostgreSQL 18

pg_index

字段 / COLUMN	类型 / TYPE	说明 / DESCRIPTION
`indexrelid`	`oid`NOT NULL	The OID of the pg_class entry for this index引用：`pg_class.oid`
`indrelid`	`oid`NOT NULL	The OID of the pg_class entry for the table this index is for引用：`pg_class.oid`
`indnatts`	`smallint`NOT NULL文档原写法：`int2`	The total number of columns in the index (duplicates pg_class.relnatts); this number includes both key and included attributes
`indnkeyatts`	`smallint`NOT NULL文档原写法：`int2`	The number of key columns in the index, not counting any included columns, which are merely stored and do not participate in the index semantics
`indisunique`	`boolean`NOT NULL文档原写法：`bool`	If true, this is a unique index
`indnullsnotdistinct`	`boolean`NOT NULL文档原写法：`bool`	This value is only used for unique indexes. If false, this unique index will consider null values distinct (so the index can contain multiple null values in a column, the default PostgreSQL behavior). If it is true, it will consider null values to be equal (so the index can only contain one null value in a column).
`indisprimary`	`boolean`NOT NULL文档原写法：`bool`	If true, this index represents the primary key of the table (indisunique should always be true when this is true)
`indisexclusion`	`boolean`NOT NULL文档原写法：`bool`	If true, this index supports an exclusion constraint
`indimmediate`	`boolean`NOT NULL文档原写法：`bool`	If true, the uniqueness check is enforced immediately on insertion (irrelevant if indisunique is not true)
`indisclustered`	`boolean`NOT NULL文档原写法：`bool`	If true, the table was last clustered on this index
`indisvalid`	`boolean`NOT NULL文档原写法：`bool`	If true, the index is currently valid for queries. False means the index is possibly incomplete: it must still be modified by INSERT/UPDATE operations, but it cannot safely be used for queries. If it is unique, the uniqueness property is not guaranteed true either.
`indcheckxmin`	`boolean`NOT NULL文档原写法：`bool`	If true, queries must not use the index until the xmin of this pg_index row is below their TransactionXmin event horizon, because the table may contain broken HOT chains with incompatible rows that they can see
`indisready`	`boolean`NOT NULL文档原写法：`bool`	If true, the index is currently ready for inserts. False means the index must be ignored by INSERT/UPDATE operations.
`indislive`	`boolean`NOT NULL文档原写法：`bool`	If false, the index is in process of being dropped, and should be ignored for all purposes (including HOT-safety decisions)
`indisreplident`	`boolean`NOT NULL文档原写法：`bool`	If true this index has been chosen as “replica identity” using ALTER TABLE ... REPLICA IDENTITY USING INDEX ...
`indkey`	`int2vector`NOT NULL	This is an array of indnatts values that indicate which table columns this index indexes. For example, a value of 1 3 would mean that the first and the third table columns make up the index entries. Key columns come before non-key (included) columns. A zero in this array indicates that the corresponding index attribute is an expression over the table columns, rather than a simple column reference.引用：`pg_attribute.attnum`
`indcollation`	`oidvector`NOT NULL	For each column in the index key (indnkeyatts values), this contains the OID of the collation to use for the index, or zero if the column is not of a collatable data type.引用：`pg_collation.oid`
`indclass`	`oidvector`NOT NULL	For each column in the index key (indnkeyatts values), this contains the OID of the operator class to use. See pg_opclass for details.引用：`pg_opclass.oid`
`indoption`	`int2vector`NOT NULL	This is an array of indnkeyatts values that store per-column flag bits. The meaning of the bits is defined by the index's access method.
`indexprs`	`pg_node_tree`	Expression trees (in nodeToString() representation) for index attributes that are not simple column references. This is a list with one element for each zero entry in indkey. Null if all index attributes are simple references.
`indpred`	`pg_node_tree`	Expression tree (in nodeToString() representation) for partial index predicate. Null if not a partial index.

标记“隐式列”的字段不包含在 SELECT * 中；部分早期统计视图由同版本源码补全，额外来源会显示在字段说明中。

通用系统列 6

PostgreSQL 提供的系统属性，通常不在 SELECT * 中展开。单独保留，不与普通字段混算。

字段	类型	attnum
`tableoid`	`oid`	-6
`cmax`	`cid`	-5
`xmax`	`xid`	-4
`cmin`	`cid`	-3
`xmin`	`xid`	-2
`ctid`	`tid`	-1

字段演化矩阵

悬停查看字段类型

存在新增 / 类型或属性变化移除

字段 / COLUMN	9.0	9.1	9.2	9.3	9.4	9.5	9.6	10	11	12	13	14
`indexrelid`
`indrelid`
`indnatts`
`indisunique`
`indisprimary`
`indimmediate`
`indisclustered`
`indisvalid`
`indcheckxmin`
`indisready`
`indkey`
`indclass`
`indoption`
`indexprs`
`indpred`
`indisexclusion`	–
`indcollation`	–
`indislive`	–	–	–
`indisreplident`	–	–	–	–
`indnkeyatts`	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
`indnullsnotdistinct`	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–

9.0 是收录基线；基线中已存在的字段不标记为新增。矩阵按字段名称对齐，重命名显示为旧字段移除与新字段新增。

演化时间线

相邻大版本的变化

PostgreSQL 15 ← 14

+ indnullsnotdistinct1 处字段说明更新

PostgreSQL 11 ← 10

+ indnkeyatts5 处字段说明更新

PostgreSQL 10 ← 9.6

2 处字段说明更新

PostgreSQL 9.4 ← 9.3

+ indisreplident

PostgreSQL 9.3 ← 9.2

+ indislive1 处字段说明更新

PostgreSQL 9.2 ← 9.1

1 处字段说明更新

PostgreSQL 9.1 ← 9.0

+ indisexclusion+ indcollation~ indexprs: text → pg_node_tree~ indpred: text → pg_node_tree1 处字段说明更新

比较任意两个版本

起始版本 / FROM目标版本 / TO包含描述更新

选择两个版本，查看字段的新增、移除与类型变化。交互比较需要 JavaScript；演化时间线可直接阅读。